From http://freakonomicsradio.com/the-power-of-poop.html
"Medical breakthroughs often follow a strange path. The search for a cure can be advanced when one curious researcher stumbles across mold-covered dishes in the sink, for instance. Thousands of deaths in maternity wards can be forestalled when a single doctor wonders if his colleagues should disinfect their hands before making a delivery. Some advances will inevitably be achieved by people who look in the dark corners where others have not.
One of those dark corners is the stuff that we prefer to flush down the toilet. Human feces, as it turns out, may represent a new frontier for science. New research is unlocking the relationship between our intestinal bacteria and the factors that make us sick — and well.
In this episode, we’ll hear from Dr. Thomas Borody, whose research and clinical work at the Centre for Digestive Diseases in Australia shows that fecal matter may be helpful in treating disease, especially through (hold your nose) “fecal transplants.” And we’ll talk with Alex Khoruts at the University of Minnesota, who sees the potential therapies coming from poop as “the beginning of (a) new science … a wide-open new frontier.”"
See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroenterology
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal_bacteriotherapy